A low dome of stone or adobe, volcanic rocks heated in a fire outside and carried in, water and herbs poured over them, in complete darkness. Four rounds with the door opened between each. Hot enough that the difficulty is real and the risk is not theoretical.
In Mexico the temazcal is a living practice with a medical as well as a ceremonial function, historically tied to childbirth and recovery, and traditional temazcaleras still run them in communities rather than resorts. The version most visitors meet is at a retreat centre, led by someone who may or may not have that lineage.
Structurally it is four rounds, or puertas, each dedicated to a direction and each hotter than the last, with the door opened between them. You can leave between rounds. Being told you cannot leave is the single clearest sign to walk out.
The reference incident for this category is not a temazcal at all: three people died and eighteen were hospitalised at a Sedona sweat lodge run by a self-help promoter in 2009, and he was convicted of negligent homicide. What killed them was a large group, an over-long ceremony and a leader who treated wanting to leave as weakness. Every one of those is a thing you can check for in advance.
A representative shape drawn from how these are typically run. Use it as something to ask against, not as any one centre's timetable.